unable to obtain access to their land or property large scale return is unlikely and this would result in IDPs residing in their area of their displacement and with the given host community. This living relationship alone could give rise to tension on the basis of: ethnicity; competition for economic opportunity; social tensions; children of IDPs may be seen as 'outsiders' or 'second-class' in schools and IDPs may be seen as a security threat and regarded with suspicion in host communities. Hence it may be thought that peace has been achieved elsewhere in the country where there are no IDPs residing, but in areas/towns where IDP communities are settled or forced to reside, the original 'landscape' of that area is changed in the instance that IDPs are inadvertently obligated to integrate, and hence the notion of peace does not transpire given the significant possibility of hostilities arising within these areas. Thus peace agreements and negotiations must consider the opinion and life of the IDP, with successful return and reintegration being a key component of a successful peace process, yet IDPs are rarely consulted because they either belong to a minority group or may lack necessary resources, education and political sills to participate in a peace process. In such circumstances complementary strategies to ensure their rights and needs are taken into account in peace negotiations must be developed.
To be an IDP does not acquire a legal status, which is hence a life-threatening situation in many ways, and is in direct conflict with the right to a secure and dignified life. Ending displacement must call for; increased responsibility from national governments, inclusive of adherence to international humanitarian law and in supporting access to IDP communities to assist them; increased consultation and participation of IDPs in decision making and for root causes of displacement to be addressed.

The programme came to a formal end with the concluding remarks by Subhas Chakrabarty, President, CRG. In his concluding remarks he thanked  UNHCR, Government of Finland and The Brookings Institution and Panos for extending their support to CRG to organize the course. Samir Kumar Das in his formal vote of thanks, thanked friends and colleagues of CRG for organizing the course. He expressed his heartfelt thanks to all the resource persons, the participants for their patience and cooperation they extended for the fifteen-day programme. He specially thanked UNHCR, New Delhi, The Government of Finland, The Brookings institution and Panos South Asia for their unstinted support.