problems, for example India has provided all possible help to Tibetan refugee due to its own political necessities but has not done so with the Bangladeshi and Bhutanese refugees. The provisions of Indian state has also not progressed with the evolution of feminist critic of the protection regimes which needs attention and creation of a consistent policy accommodating the faults in current practices.
Refugees are to be distinguished from IDPs and the Stateless Persons.  While the 1951 Convention addresses the problem of refugees alone the UN Guiding Principles deal with the IDPs and the international legal rights of stateless persons are addressed in the Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, 1954, which came into force in 1960.  It defines stateless person as a “person who is not considered as national by any State under the operation of its law”. The 1954 Convention was followed by the adoption of the Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness, 1961, which came into force in 1975. 
Not everyone who applies for refugee status can get protection.  In 1951 Convention there are a list of “exclusion clauses” containing categories of persons who do not deserve international protection. It excludes all those who have committed crimes against peace and security, serious common law criminals and individuals who have acted in contravention of the principles and purposes of the United Nations. 
In this module we have focussed on the various aspects of refugee protection at an international level in general and on South Asian level in particular.  

Term Paper 

Module D (Internal displacement - causes, linkages, and responses) Core faculty: Paula Banerjee

Discuss whether the UN Guiding Principles influenced the policies of rehabilitation in South Asia.
OR
What are the special provisions for women IDPs in international regimes of protection and care of IDPs? How far have they helped the cause of women's rehabilitation and care?
OR
How can we reclaim voices of IDPs?
OR
What are the effects of globalization and urbanization on the poor in South Asia? What are the problems of the development paradigm accepted in South Asia vis a vis marginal population and displacement?
OR
Have you visited an IDP Camp? If yes, then discuss the situation of camp IDPs in South Asia? Can these camps be compared with penal colonies?

Module Note 

In South Asia thousand of families are evicted from their homes either in the name of conflict or in the name of modernization. They are being forced to stay in the open, in pouring rain with a number of them suffering from malnutrition and starvation and they are fearful for their lives at most times. The last two decades have witnessed an enormous increase in the number of internally displaced people in South Asia.  Their situation is particularly vulnerable because unlike the refugees they are unable to move away from the site of conflict and have to remain within a state in which they were displaced in the first place. These unfortunate people who have been displaced once are often displaced multiple times by the hands of the powers that be.  Yet as displaced they do not have the